Ntjt and washer machine



H. CARTER 8a '5. REES.

NUT AND WASHER MACHINE.

No. 8,322. Patented Aug. 26,1851.

Jaye I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY CARTER AND JAMES REES, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

NUT -.AND WASHER MACHINE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 8,322, dated August 26, 1851; Reissued June 19, 1855, No. 313.

To all whom 2'25 may concern:

Be it known that we,-HENnY CARTER and JAMES REES, of the city of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Forming the Nuts of Bolts and other Articles of Similar Form; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of our said invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which forms part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 represents a view in perspective of our nut-machine, Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same through the center of the dies and Fig. 3 is a View in perspective of a full sized nut formed by the machine.

In our machine the nuts are formed in succession from a heated bar of iron and are shaped and punched at one operation within a box die which surrounds the blank and prevents it from being unduly strained or burst during the operation of punching. The cutting of the blank from the bar and the punching thereof does not require any great amount of power but the reducing of the punched blank to the proper shape requires, at the moment it is effected, the exertion of a very considerable force; this operation in our machine is effected by compressing the blank between two dies which are both moved in the same direction and by the same eccentric but with different speeds.

The machine represented in the accom panying drawing is double acting and consists of a strong frame to which the several acting members of the machine are secured. The frame is composed of two head blocks A A which face each other, the two being situated at the opposite extremities of the machine. Between these two head blocks and at an equal distance fro-1n each is the block B which supports the driving apparatus to which the power is applied. This block ('13) is connected with each head block by means of four strong bars C, C, C, C', which tie the whole together, and with the head and middle blocks constitute the frame of the machine. The middle block (B) is hollow and its opposite sides a, a, are perforated to admit a shaft D which extends transversely through it, its journals being the machine and is forced into the die. The latter consists of a box I, the cavity of which is of a size and shape corresponding to that of the nut to be formed, it is secured in a block J which is made fast to the four bars C, C, C, C.

The bottom of the die is formed by a punch K which moves freely in the box and whose face is the counterpart of the head of the nut. This punch is perforated to admit a smaller stationary punch e by means of which the hole or eye is formed in the blank; this punch is secured at its hinder extremity in the adjacent head block A. The cutting punch has a socket 2' in it to receive the piece punched out of the blank to form the eye; this socket is extended into the piston Gr and is fitted with a sliding bolt 0; the latter has a key 1* in its hinder extremity which passes through slots in the opposite sides of the piston, and as the latter is moved inward, or toward the shaft,

by the revolution of the eccentric, strikes the face of the middle block and stops the movement of the bolt 0, while the piston still continues to move inward.

The punch K which shapes the head of the nut is moved to and fro by means of a lever L which is hinged at its lower extremity to a bracket 0 on the head block and is connected at its upper extremity with the eccentric frame F by a rod (Z. This lever acts upon the arms of a cross head M which slides on guides f and whose hub bears against and gives motion to the head shaping punch K, allowing the latter to move backward as the cutting punch is advanced and forcing it forward as the cutting punch is withdrawn. The two punches move simultaneously in the samedirection but the movement of the head shaping punch being effected through the intervention of the lever L is as much slower than the movement of the cutting punch corresponding disk an arm 79 is secured to it, which bears upon the periphery of the disk, and as the latter is revolved enters the notch therein thus permitting the lever to descend by its weight and depress the bolt; as the disk moves onward the notched portion passes the arm and the lever is again raisedto its uppermost position. The notched part of the disk is set. in such a position with respect to the eccentric that when the head shaping die reaches its most forward position the bolt j shall be depressed to strike the new formed nut and detach it from the face of the punch.

lVhen nuts are to be formed wit-h this machine the eccentric shaft is caused to revolve in the direction indicated by the arrow in the drawing by means of some suitable mechanical device which conveys power to it from the prime mover of the establishment. Flat bars previously heated, and sufliciently narrow to enter easily in the die box are thrust forward in front of the two cutting punches alternately until their extremities strike gage blocks (8) which are secured to the die blocks (J) and limit the distance to which the bars can be thrust forward. As then each cutting punch moves forward it forces the portion of the bar in front of it into the die box thus severing it from the rest of the bar. As the blank thus severed is forced into the die box it is forced against the eye punch (c) which punches the metal from the center of the blank into the socket in the cutting punch. As the cutting punch continues to advance faster than the head shaping punch can retrograde the punohedblank is squeezed between the two, and as this operation takes place as the eccentric is imparting the slowest longitudinal movement to the punches and as the one punch is retrograding half as fast as the other is advancing, a very great force is at the moment exerted by this differential movement to compress the blank into the depressions of the head shaping punch and thus reduce it to the proper form. As the eccentric continues to revolve the cutting punch is withdrawn from the die box, while by the same operation, the head shaping punch is moved forward and shoving the finished nut before it expels it from the die box. As the nut is thus protruded from the die box the lever h 'is allowed to fall and the bolt 3' striking the nut detaches it from the face of the punch. As the cutting punch continues to move fbackward the key 7 of the sliding bolt in the socket thereof strikes the face of the middle block B and stops its further movement with the punch; as then the latter continues to move, the piece punched from the eye of the nut, which was received in the socket of the cutting punch, is ejected therefrom. The machine is now ready to form a new nut from the bar which is again fed up to the gage. As the two cutting punches act alternately a nut is formed at each end of the machine by one revolution of the shaft.

The punching of the blank is effected as above described while the latter is within the die box, it is therefore supported at 1ts sides by the sides of the die box which prevent the enlargement or straining of the nut under the action of the eye punch. This method of punching the nut within the die box is a great advantage, for when the blank is not supported at the sides during the action of the eye punch the metal is unduly strained and the nut is frequently cracked; hence result the greater portion of the defective nuts found in the market, which when injured in this manner not only frequently burst in tapping, but if they escape this ordeal, burst when strained upon the screws.

We cl aim- The two punches moved at the same time with different velocities and in the same dlrectlon 1n combinatlon with a die box HENRY CARTER. JAMES REES.

Witnesses ABRAM AMBLER, N. BUCKMASTER.

[Fms'r PRINTED 1913.] 

